Lp-PLA2 (Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) is a calcium-independent serine lipase of 50-kDa that hydrolyzes the acetyl group at the sn-2 position of the platelet-activating factor. Importantly, Lp-PLA2 circulates in plasma bound…
Diabetes has a major impact on the global human population. Generally, blood glucose control is the major method of diabetes treatment. Previous studies indicated that targeting sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2)…
Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar, which in turn is caused by a defect in insulin secretion, the inability to produce enough insulin, or the inability…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30- or 31-amino acid peptide hormone produced and secreted by intestinal enteroendocrine L-cells and certain neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brainstem upon food consumption. GLP-1 can…
Glycosidases are enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They take part in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide chains and quality control mechanisms in the endoplasmic reticulum…
The mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a protein complex, contains E2 and the E3-binding protein (E3BP). Besides, the isoforms of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDKs 1–4) and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase…
NF-κB is a transcription factor with heterodimer or homodimer form of rel family proteins such as RelA (p65), RelB, cRel, p50 and p52. NF-κB binds to inhibitory κB (IκB) proteins…
The abelson (ABL) family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, including ABL1 and ABL2, transduce diverse extracellular signals to protein networks. Recently, Morita et al. showed that the non-receptor ABL tyrosine kinases…