Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern recognition receptors for innate immune cells to detect various pathogen-associated molecular patterns. To date, ten TLRs have been identified in human cells…
Inflammation and cancer are now coupled in treatment approaches by a growing understanding of the dynamic molecular dialogues between immune and cancer cells. McDonough feline sarcoma viral (v-fms) oncogene homolog…
Many immune diseases may result in the excessive production of various inflammatory cytokines as well as cellular injury. Curcumin plays an important role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Due to Curcumin’s…
NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2) is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor. NOD2 is one of cytoplasmic PRRs, and antigen-presenting cells and certain mucosal epithelia primarily express it. It assembles with…
Proinflammatory stimuli induce rapid transcriptional responses. They are essential for host defense from infection. An inflammatory response involves a variety of cell types and expression of inflammatory mediators such as…