Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a chronic and progressive process affecting kidneys during aging and in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention project that 47% of…
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic phosphodiester bonds, breaking them down into monophosphates and nucleotides. This enzyme widely exists in organisms and participates in the regulation…
Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) rhodesiense and T.b. gambiense are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. They are typical two causative agents of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). The drugs for HAT treatment currently on…