MASP-2 (Mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2) is a key serine protease in the lectin pathway of complement activation, resulting in excessive complement activation by potentiating MBL-dependent MASP-2 activation, and the deposition…
Haemophilia is a blood-related disease, which can impair coagulation function. There are two main types of haemophilia, including haemophilia A and haemophilia B. They occur due to low amounts of…
Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses infecting many different animals, and they can cause mild to severe respiratory infections. In 2002 and 2012, respectively, two highly pathogenic coronaviruses with…
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines. It is mainly secreted by T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. OSM plays a significant role in inflammation, autoimmunity,…
RABV (Rabies virus) is a negative-stranded RNA virus of the genus Lyssavirus. RABV is a neurotropic virus that causes rabies in humans and animals. Importantly, RABV can reach the central…
Factor XI (FXI) is a serine protease that in humans is encoded by the F11 gene. FXI mainly exists in the liver and is present in the circulation as an…
Glucagon plays an important role in glucose metabolism. Upon hypoglycemia, pancreatic alpha cells can secrete glucagon which stimulates hepatic glucose production. However increased glucagon concentrations contribute to diabetic hyperglycemia. In…
Tau (Tubulin-associated unit) is a microtubule-associated protein (MAP) that is primarily present in axons. Besides, Tau is a multi-functional protein. Particularly, It takes part in the cross-linking and regulation of…
SARS-COV-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA coronavirus. This virus can cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and spreads between people through aerosols and respiratory droplets. It broke out in early 2020,…
CD40 (cluster of differentiation 40) is a costimulatory protein found on antigen-presenting cells (APC). Its receptor belongs to the TNF-receptor superfamily and is important for immune and inflammatory responses, including…