nAChRs (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) are neuron receptor proteins that signal for muscular contraction upon a chemical stimulus. In mammals, analysis…
Opioid Receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). They mediate the response of most hormones, neurotransmitters, and drugs. Therefore, they play…
Microglia is a kind of resident immune cell in the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma. microglia remain in a quiescent…
Glutamate is a predominant neurotransmitter released from excitatory neurons related to the fast synaptic excitation. The released glutamates diffuse across…
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a family of L-glutamate receptors, play an important role in learning and memory, and are critical for…