Anti-arthritis drugs are used to relieve or prevent arthritis symptoms (such as joint pain and Joint stiffness). Specifically, the impact of rheumatism on fertility and reproduction may be significant. Individuals…
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a key role in cellular response, proliferation, survival, cell cycle and cancer migration. Moreover, the p38 MAPK family includes p38α (MAPK14), p38β (MAPK11), p38γ (MAPK12),…
PI3Kδ is a lipid kinase mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells and responsible for key signal transduction in cells of the immune system. Antigens can acutely activate PI3Kδ in B and…
Janus kinase (JAK) is a family of intracellular, nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. The JAK family is composed of four cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphotransferases (kinases), namely JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase 2…
CD6, a surface glycoprotein of T cells, is a rheostat-type signalosome that tunes T cell activation. It belongs to the superfamily of scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) glycoproteins. CD6 has determinant…
The Janus kinase (JAK) family of protein-tyrosine kinase has four members: JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2. The Janus kinases share seven distinct JAK homology (JH1-JH7) domains. These proteins possess an…
The bombesin (Bn) receptor family includes the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRPR) and neuromedin B (NMBR) receptors, Bn receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) and Bn receptor subtype 4 (BB4). In particular, GRP affects…
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of the 3-hydroxyl position of the inositol ring. A wide variety of different stimuli activate PI3Ks. The stimuli…
Janus kinases (JAKs) are cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases. JAKs link cytokine signaling from membrane receptors to signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT). Furthermore, the JAK-STAT signal pathway transfers the extra-membrane…
Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), also known as CD11a/CD18 and αLβ2, is a member of the β2-integrin family found on lymphocytes and other leukocytes. The main ligand of LFA-1 is ICAM-1,…