REV-ERB is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of intracellular transcription factors. Besides, REV-ERB also is a key regulatory component of the circadian clock. Meanwhile, REV-ERB regulates the…
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine from activated T cells. IL-2 plays a critical function in the generation, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis of immune effector cells. Moreover, IL-2 functions to expand…
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a central regulator of lipid metabolism. FASN provides the fatty acids needed to sustain tumor growth, as a potential target for human malignant tumors. And…
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the innate immune system by recognizing pathogen-related molecular patterns from various microorganisms. Specifically, TLRs signal by recruiting specific adaptor molecules, leading to…
Hypoxia is a state where oxygen availability/delivery is below the level necessary to maintain physiological oxygen tension for a particular tissue. It is well-established that when tissue demand exceeds its…
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, also referred to as TNFα) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to a family of trimeric proteins. TNF exerts its biological functions through activating distinct signaling pathways…
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. In addition, RTKs are not only critical regulators of normal cellular processes,…
HIF (Hypoxia-inducible factor) is a transcriptional factor that plays a role in the physiologic responses to hypoxia. Most oxygen-breathing species express the highly conserved transcriptional complex HIF-1. HIF-1 is a…
Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), a member of the dimetallohydrolase family, is a cytosolic metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolytic removal of N-terminal methionine residues from nascent proteins. Importantly, MetAP2 is found…
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is a nuclear receptor, which also is a transcription factor. Specifically, RAR has three subtypes: RAR-α, RAR-β, and RAR-γ. Promoter methylation epigenetically regulated the expression of…