Anti-arthritis drugs are used to relieve or prevent arthritis symptoms (such as joint pain and Joint stiffness). Specifically, the impact of rheumatism on fertility and reproduction may be significant. Individuals…
Kinases typically integrate signaling events down-stream of multiple cytokine receptors. Hence, kinase inhibitors distinguish themselves from cytokine-targeted biologicals by their capacity to modulate multiple signaling pathways simultaneously. IL-1 receptor (IL-1R)–associated…
MetAP-2, a cytoplasmic metalase, catalyzes the hydrolysis and removal of N-terminal methionine residues from newborn proteins. The enzymatic activity of MetAP-2 is a prerequisite for biological processes such as activity,…
eIF2 (eukaryotic initiation factor 2), an eukaryotic initiation factor, is an essential factor for protein synthesis. eIF2 mediates the binding of tRNAiMet to the ribosome in a GTP-dependent manner. And…
IL-20 (Interleukin-20) is a member of IL-10 family, which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, IL-28, and IL-29. Besides, IL-20 is mainly produced by myeloid cells such as monocytes, granulocytes,…
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a key step in the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGH2. Specifically, PGH2 is a direct substrate for a series of cell-specific prostaglandin and thromboxane syntheses. Besides,…
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is a key node in innate inflammatory signaling. It is also directly downstream of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of receptors. Besides,…
mPGES-1 is the terminal enzyme one-step downstream of COX2. It also is the unstable peroxide intermediate from arachidonate catabolism. mPGES-1 can be induced by various inflammatory stimuli in normal cells,…
NF-κB-mediated inflammation is a major pathology in kidney diseases, such as non-kidney inflammatory diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. HIV infection in the kidney induces NF-κB activation, leading to the production of…
Infiltration of leukocytes from the peripheral circulation into tissues such as the gut mucosa is an important aspect of immune surveillance. They interact with cytokine or other proinflammatory stimuli-activated endothelial…