Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a signal sphingolipid, also known as a bioactive liposome. Specifically, S1P is an extracellular factor that acts as an effective lipid mediator by binding with specific…
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses from the Orthomyxoviridae family. Moreover, Influenza A viruses cause respiratory infections that range from asymptomatic to deadly. Furthermore, Influenza A viruses…
3M-011 is a potent dual toll-like receptor TLR7/8 agonist and a cytokine inducer. Firstly, in B16-F10 melanoma cells, 3M-011 treatment can decrease B16-F10 melanoma cell counts as a dose-dependent manner. 3M-011 potentiates…
The genetically diverse Orthocoronavirinae (coronavirus, CoV) family circulates in many avian and mammalian species. CoVs include four 4 genera: alpha (group 1), beta (group 2), gamma (group 3) and delta…
The influenza virus is a serious threat to mankind for mankind. Influenza viruses enter the body, they bind to the sialic acid of glycoproteins on the cell surface. Then, they are…