G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is a complete membrane protein, which is used by cells to convert extracellular signals into intracellular…
HSP (Heat shock proteins) are a group of proteins induced by heat shock, the most prominent members of this group…
Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a signal sphingolipid, also known as a bioactive liposome. Specifically, S1P is an extracellular factor that…
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses from the Orthomyxoviridae family. Moreover, Influenza A viruses cause respiratory infections…
3M-011 is a potent dual toll-like receptor TLR7/8 agonist and a cytokine inducer. Firstly, in B16-F10 melanoma cells, 3M-011 treatment can decrease…