Stroke is the most serious and potentially deadly neurological disease and the most important factor leading to permanent disability in adults, significantly affecting the quality of life of stroke patients.…
IKK (IκB kinase) is an enzyme complex that is the core element of the NF-κB cascade. The complex has two kinases (IKKα and IKKβ) and a regulatory subunit, NEMO/IKKγ. IKKα…
NADPH oxidases (NOX), catalyzing the reduction of molecular oxygen to form the superoxide radical anion (O₂⁻) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). NOX involves in several pathological conditions, such as stroke, diabetes,…
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a ligand for G-protein-coupled receptors, it is responsible for some cell-intrinsic and extrinsic activities. RPC1063 is a potent and selective S1PR1 modulator. It emerges as a new…
Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) target hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) for degradation. Hypoxia inactivates PHDs, causing accumulation of HIF-1α. In turn, HIF-1 further transactivates PHDs. Asparaginyl hydroxylation also regulates HIFα. Asparaginyl hydroxylation is…