Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from an ε-N-acetyl-lysine amino acid on a histone. Specifically, selective HDAC inhibitors are as a potential anti latent…
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection leads to depletion of the immune dysfunction. Thereby results in immunodeficiency and vulnerability to opportunistic infections. As we all know, in the past…
HIV integrates its provirus into the host genome and establishes latent infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively suppress active HIV replication. But, it cannot eradicate or cure the virus. Host…
NF-κB-mediated inflammation is a major pathology in kidney diseases, such as non-kidney inflammatory diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. HIV infection in the kidney induces NF-κB activation, leading to the production of…
Exceptional developments in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have transformed HIV/AIDS from a deadly pandemic to chronic and manageable disease. HIV-1 capsid (CA) has two structurally distinct domains, an N-terminal domain…