Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a double-stranded DNA alphaherpesvirus. And it is associated with seasonal outbreaks of varicella in nonimmunized populations. The virus particle is 125-175 nm in diameter, and it has a lipid envelope bearing glycoprotein spikes. Meanwhile, VZV belongs to the α-herpesviruses and the host range is limited to humans. Particularly, VZV is a highly infectious virus. And it is a causative agent of both varicella (chickenpox) and zoster (shingles). Varicella is an infection mainly of childhood, and the zoster is a painful dermatomal rash. However, the virus persists in latent form in sensory ganglia, and recurs when reactivated as herpes zoster. Therefore, shingles has the highest incidence of all neurological diseases. Also, Brivudine and Sorivudine are very potent inhibitors of VZV. These drugs have a beneficial effect on reducing acute pain caused from shingles and on speeding healing.

FV-100 is a potent, selective and orally active anti-varicella zoster virus agent.

A research found it is the most promising prodrug of CF-1743, a highly potent anti-varicella zoster virus bicyclic nucleoside analogue. The high potency of the BCNA pentylphenyl makes FV-100 compound the most potent agent against VZV to date, with very low toxicity and a selectivity index of >100000. After a short period of incubation, the cells can effectively take up FV-100. What’s more, FV-100 is intensely fluorescent when illuminated by wavelengths of 340-380 nm. Therefore, we can track the distribution of FV-100 inside cells. And this allows it to investigate the mechanism of action of bicyclic nucleoside analogues (BCNAs). In addition, it does not induce biologically relevant respiratory changes or any apparent neuropharmacological effects in rats.

In conclusion, FV-100, a nucleoside analogue, is a selective and orally active anti-varicella zoster virus agent. FV-100 is a prodrug of CF-1743. FV-100 exhibits very low toxicity in vivo.

Reference:

[1] Migliore M. Antivir Chem Chemother. 2010 Jan 5;20(3):107-15.
[2] Pentikis HS, et, al. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Jun;55(6):2847-54.