Antibacterials usually refer to antibiotics. Specifically, the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria stems from many factors. Besides, they include the widespread use of antibiotics, sometimes even inappropriate use, and so on. Plants have the amazing ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, glycosides, and so on. These biomolecules are the source of plant-derived antibacterial substances. Some natural products are very effective in treating bacterial infections.

Moreover, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) have been widely used as antidepressants. Furthermore, MAO-A inhibitors contribute to the treatment of depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). Inflammation caused by obesity can lead to adipocyte dysfunction. Meanwhile, UCP1 is a gene responsible for nonshivering heat production in adipocytes. Counteracting the decrease of UCP1 caused by inflammation is an effective method to maintain energy balance and improve obesity. Angelica keiskei Koizumi (Umbelliferae) mainly grows along the coast of Asia and the Pacific. Nonetheless, it is a cold-resistant perennial herb. Here, we will introduce an antibacterial and anticancer agent, Xanthoangelol.

Xanthoangelol Possesses Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity.

First of all, Xanthoangelol, extracted from Angelica keiskei, suppresses obesity-induced inflammatory responses. Xanthoangelol possesses antibacterial activity. Particularly, Xanthoangelol inhibits monoamine oxidases. Xanthoangelol induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma and leukemia cells.

In the second place, Xanthoangelol inhibited Mao and dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) activities. Importantly, the IC50 value of Xanthoangelol for MAO-A and MAO-B was calculated to be 43.4 μ M and 43.9 μ M. In addition, Xanthoangelol showed very weak inhibitory activity against DBH. The IC50 value of xanthoangelol for DBH is 516 μ M。

Last but not the least, Xanthoangelol reduces proinflammatory factors in LPS stimulated raw macrophages by inhibiting p65 and JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, Xanthoangelol regulates the inhibition of uncoupling protein 1 promoter activity and gene expression in C3H10T1/2 adipocytes.

All in all, Xanthoangelol possesses antibacterial and anticancer activity.

References:

Li Y, et al. 2016 Nov;24(11):2351-2360.

Kim JH, et al. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2013 May 30;21(3):234-40.